Answer :
The Gobi Desert is unique in several ways. It's a cold desert, with temperatures reaching -40 degrees in winter and 133 degrees in the summer. It is characterized by a unique climate, ecosystem and an important place in history as the birthplace of the Mongolian empire.
The Gobi Desert is located in Southern Mongolia and Southern and Southwestern China. It's the second largest desert in Asia, after the Arabian desert, and the fifth largest in the world.
The Gobi Desert has unique geographical features for a desert, and it is typically a plateau. The extreme temperatures that characterize the climatic conditions of the desert make it one of the harshest environments to support life. However, the importance of the desert lies in its strategic importance to the country of Mongolia and North-western China. In spite of the inhospitable conditions, the desert has a variety of fauna and is considered to be one of the most important fossil zones, as most of the prehistoric species were speculated to have lived around these regions. The Mongolian desert also has historical importance, as it was the homelands of the fierce Mongolian tribes, who were nomads, and the leader of the Mongols, Chengiz Khan, who established a vast empire encompassing the territories of Central and South Asia.
Further Explanation-
Although the climate of the Gobi Desert is the same as any other desert in the world, i.e. the climate ranges in extremes during the day and night, the desert is rich in resources, and thus, has both a strategic and economic importance to the countries of Mongolia and China. The Mongolian Desert is home to nomadic tribes of Central Asia, who subsist through a form of pastoralism and very limited agriculture around an oasis. These nomadic tribes are strictly clan organized and are one of the most hospitable tribes around the world. The fifth-largest desert in the world and the largest desert in Asia is one of the richest sources of fossils that allow paleontologists to study the developments of the Cretaceous period in detail. The Gobi is not simply a wasteland like most deserts, but its geographical relief features several variations such as canyons, gorges, steppes, and rock formations. It is home to one of the biggest and beautifully formed sand dunes called Khongoryn and also experiences snowfall, which is extremely rare for a desert.
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Answer Details-
Grade- Secondary School
Chapter- The geographical features of Asia
Subject- Geography
Keywords-
Extreme climatic conditions, strategic importance, natural resources, fossils, geographical relief, sand dunes, Cretaceous period.